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避免口语style的几点建议(选自某期刊的guide for authors,新手看后有大益)

2013-10-26 21:48| 发布者: admin| 查看: 6587| 评论: 0

摘要: Style and Nomenclature The style guide is The Chicago Manual of Style. New mineral names require the approval of the IMA Commission on New Mineral Names. Mineral nomenclature and terminology must con ...

Style and Nomenclature

 

The style guide is The Chicago Manual of Style. New mineral names require the approval of the IMA Commission on New Mineral Names. Mineral nomenclature and terminology must conform to IMA, CMS Nomenclature Committee, and AIPEA Nomenclature Committee guidelines. SI units are mandatory, but angstrom (Å) and bar (b) may be used also if usage is consistent within the manuscript. Footnotes should be used sparingly. For the first time an acronym (e.g. TEM) is used (both in the Abstract and in the Text), spell in full and place the acronym in parentheses. Thereafter, use the acronym only. Polytype symbols (e.g. muscovite--2M1) should have the letter only in italics. Latin terms (e.g., etc., et al., i.e.) are in italics. The symbols ‘‘M’’ for ‘‘molar’’ and ‘‘N’’ for ‘‘normal’’ are not italic. Use I-S and not I/S for illite-smectite interstratification. Use d001 where 1 is a number, but d00l where l  is a letter, in this case "el". Use “sheet,” not “layer,” when referring to the octahedral or tetrahedral sheet; use “layer,” not “sheet,” when referring to the unit obtained with the unification of the tetrahedral and octahedral sheets. Use “organo-clay” rather than “organoclay” or “organo clay.”

 

The Editor-in-Chief further emphasizes the following points of style:

a.    A comma must be inserted before “and” or “or” when three or more items are listed in a series. If series are nested, semi-colons should be used to separate the items in the first-level series.

b.    Avoid writing in the first person, i.e., avoid using personal pronouns I, we, our, my, etc.

c.     Avoid starting a sentence with “it” (unless “it” clearly refers to an antecedent noun) or “there” and avoid using phrases like “there is,” “there are,” “there was,” “there were,” “there has,” “there have,” “it is/was/has” (unless “it” clearly refers to an antecedent noun), “it seems/appears/. . . ,” etc. While spoken and casual English use these phrases extensively, scientifically written English should be more succinct.

d.    Generally speaking, use “since” only when referring to time rather than as a conjunction in place of “because.”

e.    Use American English spellings. Examples: aluminum, not aluminium; color, not colour; behavior, not behaviour; stabilize, not stabilise; acknowledgments, not acknowledgements; etc.

f.      Use past tense verbs when describing methods, observations, results, and conclusions; use present tense only when referring to something that is widely accepted or generally considered to be true.

g.    When referring to States or Provinces, spell out the name rather than using postal code abbreviations (e.g., Illinois, not IL), unless it is a specific postal address being given (e.g., Urbana, IL 61801 USA).

h.    When reporting experimental data that are listed in a table or displayed in a figure, the preferred style is to describe the data, but identify the corresponding table or figure using parentheses instead of explicitly within the sentence. For example: “Experimental measurements of x (Figure A) revealed that . . . .”; rather than, “Experimental measurements of x are given in Figure A. These results revealed that . . . .”

i.      When using qualifying words, such as “however,” “therefore,” etc., insert this word within the sentence rather than beginning the sentence with it.

j.      The abbreviation “ca.” (abbreviation for circa) refers to time, not to quantity.

k.     If using “either,” use “or,” if using “neither,” combine with “nor.”

l.      Don’t begin a sentence with a number (e.g., use “Twenty” instead of “20”).

m.  Be careful to match the number (singular vs. plural) of articles, subjects, and verbs.

n.    When referring to an element that may exist in more than one oxidation state, and the oxidation state is being specified, use the superscript Arabic valence number, e.g., Fe3+; if in a complex or solid state, use the Roman Numeral in parentheses, e.g., Fe(III).


上面部分要求是属于该期刊特定的要求,不具有普适性,请注意甄别!

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